What type of courts has exclusive jurisdiction over bankruptcy matters?

Bankruptcy matters fall under the jurisdiction of federal law, and exclusive jurisdiction in this area is specifically granted to the federal bankruptcy courts. These courts are part of the federal court system and are designed to handle cases related to bankruptcy filings, including the administration of bankruptcy estates and the discharge of debts.

This exclusive jurisdiction means that no state court can adjudicate bankruptcy cases, making the federal bankruptcy courts the sole venue for these matters. The federal government established this system to create a uniform approach to bankruptcy across the entire country, ensuring that all individuals and businesses have access to the same bankruptcy laws regardless of their location.

The other types of courts mentioned do not have this exclusive authority. State courts handle a wide variety of civil and criminal matters under state law, while circuit courts and appellate courts exist within the federal and state judicial systems but do not have the specific focus or exclusive power to address bankruptcy cases like the federal bankruptcy courts do.